OWASP Top 10 2025 Training Course

A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
A02:2025 - Security Misconfiguration
A03:2025 - Software Supply Chain Failures
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
A05:2025 - Injection
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
A08:2025 - Software or Data Integrity Failures
A09:2025 - Security Logging and Alerting Failures
A10:2025 - Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions

A01:2025 Broken Access Control - Access controls ensure that users operate within their intended permissions. Failures here often result in unauthorized data disclosure, modification, or destruction, or the ability to perform business functions outside a user's scope.

A02:2025 Security Misconfiguration - This occurs when systems, applications, or cloud services are incorrectly configured from a security standpoint, introducing potential vulnerabilities.

A03:2025 Software Supply Chain Failures - These refer to compromises or breakdowns in the software build, distribution, or update processes. They frequently stem from vulnerabilities or malicious alterations in third-party code, tools, or dependencies.

A04:2025 Cryptographic Failures - Generally, all data in transit should be encrypted at the transport layer (OSI layer 4). While previous challenges such as CPU performance and key management have been mitigated by modern hardware and services like LetsEncrypt.org and integrated cloud certificate management, it remains critical to identify which data requires encryption at rest and additional application-layer (OSI layer 7) protection. Sensitive data, such as passwords, credit card details, health records, and business secrets, demands enhanced safeguards, particularly when subject to regulations like the EU's GDPR or PCI DSS.

A05:2025 Injection - An injection vulnerability allows attackers to inject malicious code or commands (e.g., SQL or shell scripts) into input fields, tricking the system into executing them. This can have severe negative consequences.

A06:2025 Insecure Design - This broad category covers weaknesses resulting from missing or ineffective control design. It is distinct from insecure implementation; design flaws and implementation defects arise at different stages of development and require different remediation approaches. A secure design may still suffer from implementation bugs, but an insecure design cannot be fixed by perfect implementation because the necessary security controls were never established. A key contributor to insecure design is the lack of business risk profiling, leading to insufficient security design.

A07:2025 Authentication Failures - This vulnerability exists when an attacker can successfully deceive a system into accepting an invalid or incorrect user as legitimate.

A08:2025 Software or Data Integrity Failures - These failures involve code or infrastructure that fails to prevent invalid or untrusted code/data from being treated as trusted. Examples include relying on plugins or libraries from untrusted sources or CDNs, and CI/CD pipelines that lack integrity checks. This can lead to unauthorized access or the introduction of malicious code. Another scenario is a CI/CD pipeline that retrieves artifacts from untrusted locations without verifying signatures or integrity before use.

A09:2025 Security Logging & Alerting Failures - Without adequate logging and monitoring, attacks and breaches go undetected, making it difficult to respond effectively to security incidents. Insufficient logging, continuous monitoring, detection, and alerting hinder the ability to initiate active responses.

A10:2025 Mishandling of Exceptional Conditions - This occurs when software fails to prevent, detect, or respond to unusual or unpredictable situations, potentially leading to crashes, unexpected behavior, or vulnerabilities. Failures may include not preventing the situation, failing to identify it as it occurs, or responding inadequately afterward.

We will discuss and present practical aspects of:

Broken Access Control
- Practical examples of broken access controls
- Secure access control patterns and best practices

Security Misconfiguration
- Real-world examples of misconfigurations
- Prevention strategies, including configuration management and automation tools

Cryptographic Failures
- Detailed analysis of failures like weak encryption algorithms or poor key management
- The importance of robust cryptographic mechanisms, secure protocols (SSL/TLS), and modern cryptography in web security

Injection Attacks
- Detailed breakdown of SQL, NoSQL, OS, and LDAP injection
- Mitigation techniques such as prepared statements, parameterized queries, and input escaping

Insecure Design
- Exploring design flaws that lead to vulnerabilities, such as improper input validation
- Studying strategies for secure architecture and secure design principles

Authentication Failures
- Common authentication pitfalls
- Secure authentication strategies, including multi-factor authentication and proper session management

Software and Data Integrity Failures
- Focus on risks like untrusted software updates and data tampering
- Implementation of safe update mechanisms and data integrity checks

Security Logging and Monitoring Failures
- The importance of logging security-relevant events and monitoring for suspicious activity
- Tools and practices for effective logging and real-time monitoring to detect breaches early